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William Elford Leach erected the genus Megalopa in 1813 for a post-larval crab; a copepod post-larva is called a copepodite; a barnacle post-larva is called a cypris; a shrimp post-larva is called a parva; a hermit crab post-larva is called a glaucothoe; a spiny lobster / furry lobsters post-larva is called a puerulus and a slipper lobster post ...
Crab larvae, called zoea, enlarged under a microscope. The flecked box crab is an opportunistic predator meaning they will tend to eat whatever comes across their path. [7] Because there tends to be a larger food source for these crabs during the summer, mating and therefore offspring increases when more food is available. [2]
After living for a short time as larvae in the ocean, the juveniles must do this migration in reverse. In many tropical areas with land crabs, these migrations often result in considerable roadkill of migrating crabs. [17]: 113–114 Once crabs have become juveniles, they still have to keep moulting many more times to become adults.
Florida stone crabs prefer to feed on oysters and other small mollusks, polychaete worms, and other crustaceans. They will also occasionally eat seagrass and carrion. Predators that feed on stone crabs include horse conch, grouper, sea turtles, cobia, and octopuses. [4]
Horseshoe crab "trilobite" larvae. Baby horseshoe crabs begin their lives as a "trilobite larva", a name given due to their resemblance to a trilobite. [25]: 559 Upon hatching, larva typically measure around 1 cm (1 ⁄ 2 in) long. Their telson is small, and they lack three pairs of book gills.
A shed carapace of a lady crab, part of the hard exoskeleton Body structure of a typical crustacean – krill. The body of a crustacean is composed of segments, which are grouped into three regions: the cephalon or head, [5] the pereon or thorax, [6] and the pleon or abdomen. [7]
This crab specimen from the American Museum of Natural History measures 3.8 metres (12 ft) across its outstretched legs. Female crabs carry the fertilized eggs attached to their abdominal appendages until they hatch into tiny planktonic larvae. [12] They can lay up to 1.5 million eggs per season, and these eggs hatch in 10 days on average. [5]
More than 1,300 described species of freshwater crabs are known, out of a total of 6,700 species of crabs across all environments. [1] The total number of species of freshwater crabs, including undescribed species, is thought to be up to 65% higher, potentially up to 2,155 species, although most of the additional species are currently unknown to science. [1]