Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Hydrogen (1 H) has three naturally occurring isotopes: 1 H, 2 H, and 3 H. 1 H and 2 H are stable, while 3 H has a half-life of 12.32(2) years. [3] [nb 1] Heavier isotopes also exist; all are synthetic and have a half-life of less than 1 zeptosecond (10 −21 s). [4] [5] Of these, 5 H is the least stable, while 7 H is the most.
The amount of liquid-vapor equilibrium fractionation for hydrogen isotopes is about 8x that of oxygen isotopes at Earth surface temperatures, which reflects the relative mass differences of the two isotope systems: 2 H is 100% heavier than 1 H, 18 O is 12.5% heavier than 16 O. Above the boundary layer, there is a transition zone with relative ...
Archaeological materials, such as bone, organic residues, hair, or sea shells, can serve as substrates for isotopic analysis. Carbon, nitrogen and zinc isotope ratios are used to investigate the diets of past people; these isotopic systems can be used with others, such as strontium or oxygen, to answer questions about population movements and cultural interactions, such as trade.
Tritium (from Ancient Greek τρίτος (trítos) ' third ') or hydrogen-3 (symbol T or 3 H) is a rare and radioactive isotope of hydrogen with a half-life of ~12.3 years. The tritium nucleus (t, sometimes called a triton) contains one proton and two neutrons, whereas the nucleus of the common isotope hydrogen-1 (protium) contains one proton and no neutrons, and that of non-radioactive ...
The chosen isotope can act as a label on that compound that can be identified through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS). Some of the most common stable isotopes are 2 H, 13 C, and 15 N, which can further be produced into NMR solvents, amino acids, nucleic acids, lipids, common metabolites and cell growth media. [6]
The word isoscape is derived from isotope landscape and was first coined by Jason B. West. [1] [2] Isoscapes of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, strontium and sulfur [3] have been used to answer scientific or forensic questions regarding the sources, partitioning, or provenance of natural and synthetic materials or organisms via their ...
Hydrogen has three naturally occurring isotopes, denoted 1 H, 2 H and 3 H. Other, highly unstable nuclei (4 H to 7 H) have been synthesized in the laboratory but not observed in nature. [41] [42] 1 H is the most common hydrogen isotope, with an abundance of >99.98%.
Isotope fractionation occurs during a phase transition, when the ratio of light to heavy isotopes in the involved molecules changes. When water vapor condenses (an equilibrium fractionation), the heavier water isotopes (18 O and 2 H) become enriched in the liquid phase while the lighter isotopes (16 O and 1 H) tend toward the vapor phase. [1]