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In psychology, meaning-making is the process of how people construe, understand, or make sense of life events, relationships, and the self. [1] The term is widely used in constructivist approaches to counseling psychology and psychotherapy, [2] especially during bereavement in which people attribute some sort of meaning to an experienced death ...
Lived experience. In qualitative phenomenological research, lived experience refers to the first-hand involvement or direct experiences and choices of a given person, and the knowledge that they gain from it, as opposed to the knowledge a given person gains from second-hand or mediated source. [1][2] It is a category of qualitative research ...
Heuristic (psychology) Heuristics (from Ancient Greek εὑρίσκω, heurískō, "I find, discover") is the process by which humans use mental shortcuts to arrive at decisions. Heuristics are simple strategies that humans, animals, [1][2][3] organizations, [4] and even machines [5] use to quickly form judgments, make decisions, and find ...
Motivation is relevant in many fields and affects educational success, work performance, consumer behavior, and athletic success. Motivation is an internal state that propels individuals to engage in goal -directed behavior. It is often understood as a force that explains why people or animals initiate, continue, or terminate a certain behavior ...
An availability heuristic is a mental shortcut that relies on immediate examples that come to a given person's mind when evaluating a specific topic, concept, method, or decision. As follows, people tend to use a readily available fact to base their beliefs on a comparably distant concept. There has been much research done with this heuristic ...
A cognitive bias is a systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment. [1] Individuals create their own "subjective reality" from their perception of the input. An individual's construction of reality, not the objective input, may dictate their behavior in the world. Thus, cognitive biases may sometimes lead to perceptual ...
The preferences-as-memory (PAM) framework [1] is a model that maps the role of memory in decision-making. It suggests that decisions are chosen based on the retrieval of relevant knowledge from memory. This knowledge includes information from both previous identical and similar situations. The model assumes that there never is one precise ...
The affect heuristic is a heuristic, a mental shortcut that allows people to make decisions and solve problems quickly and efficiently, in which current emotion — fear, pleasure, surprise, etc.—influences decisions. In other words, it is a type of heuristic in which emotional response, or "affect" in psychological terms, plays a lead role. [1]