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During the formation of these materials, as they cool from the melt, carbides precipitate, and at even lower temperatures γ' phase precipitates. [11] [12] Gamma prime (γ'): This phase constitutes the precipitate used to strengthen the alloy. It is an intermetallic phase based on Ni 3 (Ti,Al) which have an ordered FCC L1 2 structure. [10]
In these alloys the volume fraction of the γ' precipitates is as high as 80%. [7] Because of this high volume fraction, the evolution of these γ' precipitates during the alloys' life cycles is important: a major concern is the coarsening of these γ' precipitates at high temperature (800 to 1000 °C), which greatly reduces the alloys ...
[7] Arnett referred to emerging adulthood as a "roleless role" because emerging adults engage in a wide variety of activities without the constraint of any "role requirements". [2] The developmental theory is highly controversial within the developmental field, and developmental psychologists argue over the legitimacy of Arnett's theories and ...
They used 2 ft-4 main propulsion engines, 2 ft-12 cruise engines and 3 Solar Saturn 750 kW generators. An LM2500 gas turbine on USS Ford. The first U.S. gas-turbine powered ship was the U.S. Coast Guard's Point Thatcher, a cutter commissioned in 1961 that was powered by two 750 kW (1,000 shp) turbines utilizing controllable-pitch propellers. [95]
The key stages that he discerned in early adulthood and midlife were as follows: Early Adult Transition (Ages 16–24) Forming a Life Structure (Ages 24–28) Settling down (Ages 29–34) Becoming One's Own Man (Ages 35–40) Midlife Transition (The early forties) Restabilization, into Late Adulthood (Age 45 and on) [37]
Early in eukaryotic evolution, about 2 billion years ago, organisms needed a solution to the major problem that oxidative metabolism releases reactive oxygen species that damage the genetic material, DNA. [15] Eukaryotic sex provides a process, homologous recombination during meiosis, for using informational redundancy to repair such DNA damage ...
The two theories; non-adaptive, and adaptive, are used to explain the evolution of senescence, which is the decline in reproduction with age. [8] The non-adaptive theory assumes that the evolutionary deterioration of human age occurs as a result of accumulation of deleterious mutations in the germline. [8]
Stage-crisis view is a theory of adult development that was established by Daniel Levinson. [1] [2] Although largely influenced by the work of Erik Erikson, [3] Levinson sought to create a broader theory that would encompass all aspects of adult development as opposed to just the psychosocial.