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Words of Chinese origin have entered European languages, including English. Most of these were direct loanwords from various varieties of Chinese.However, Chinese words have also entered indirectly via other languages, particularly Korean, Japanese and Vietnamese, that have all used Chinese characters at some point and contain a large number of Chinese loanwords.
Many word processing and desktop publishing software products have built-in features to control line breaking rules in those languages. In the Japanese language, especially, the categories of line breaking rules and processing methods are determined by the Japanese Industrial Standard JIS X 4051, and it is called Kinsoku Shori (禁則処理). [1]
Translation software for Microsoft Windows and macOS was released in September 2019. [12] Support for Chinese (simplified) and Japanese was added on 19 March 2020, which the company claimed to have surpassed the aforementioned competitors as well as Baidu and Youdao. [32] [33] Then, 13 more European languages were added in March 2021. [34]
In addition to machine translation, there is also an accessible and complete English-Russian and Russian-English dictionary. [6] There is an app for devices based on the iOS software, [7] Windows Phone and Android. You can listen to the pronunciation of the translation and the original text using a text to speech converter built in.
The basic format for a head entry gives the character, the Instant Index System code, the pronunciation(s) in Simplified GR, the part or parts of speech, optionally other speech levels (e.g., "sl." for slang), English translation equivalents for the head character and usage examples of polysyllabic compounds, phrases, and idioms, subdivided by ...
Here are three representative examples of praise: "the most extraordinary Chinese–English dictionary I have ever had such pleasure to look Chinese words up in and to read their English definitions"; [22] "The thorough scholarship and fresh outlook make it a valuable contribution to Chinese lexicography, while the high production standards and ...
In China, letters of the English alphabet are pronounced somewhat differently because they have been adapted to the phonetics (i.e. the syllable structure) of the Chinese language. The knowledge of this spelling may be useful when spelling Western names, especially over the phone, as one may not be understood if the letters are pronounced as ...
Therefore, Pinyin writing is also a kind of Chinese writing, and it can also be an important reference for Chinese character word segmentation. [12] "Basic Rules of Chinese Pinyin Orthography" is the Chinese national standard for Pinyin writing and word segmentation. Its main content "5. General rules" is excerpted as follows: [13]