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“This study analyzed a nationally representative sample of U.S. adolescent e-cigarette use to examine whether urine metal levels (i.e., cadmium, lead and uranium) differed by vaping frequency ...
A 2016 study reported vaping increased aortic stiffness in people with no cardiovascular risk factors, an d that the increase was lower than smoking. [142] A 2017 review concluded that habitual vaping was associated with oxidative stress and a shift towards cardiac sympathetic activity, which are both associated with a risk of developing ...
There is accumulating research concerning the negative effects of nicotine on prenatal brain development. [notes 5] [110] Vaping during pregnancy can be harmful to the fetus. [111] There is no supporting evidence demonstrating that vaping is safe for use in pregnant women. [104] Nicotine accumulates in the fetus because it goes through the ...
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Critics of vaping bans state that vaping is a much safer alternative to smoking tobacco products and that vaping bans incentivize people to return to smoking cigarettes. [336] For example, critics cite the British Journal of Family Medicine in August 2015 which stated, "E-cigarettes are 95% safer than traditional smoking."
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A February 2022 research article on vape aerosol from JUUL products showed "Profound pathological changes to upper airway, lung tissue architecture, and cellular structure," of mice exposed for as little as 9 weeks. "This vaping-induced pulmonary injury model demonstrates mechanistic underpinnings of vaping-related pathologic injury." [111]