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Fluoride has a high tendency to react with the calcium hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 in tooth enamel due to its high affinity to metals. [8] [10] It subsequently replaces the hydroxide group in hydroxyapatite to precipitate calcium fluorapatite Ca5(PO4)3)F. [8] These fluorapatite precipitations scavenge excess phosphate and calcium in the saliva to form a supersaturated solution for ...
Acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel or foam comprises a sodium fluoride solution, paste, or powder that has been acidulated with hydrofluoric acid to pH 3 to 4, buffered with a phosphate, and mixed with a gel or foam vehicle such as carboxymethyl cellulose. 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride gel or foam is used for patients without tooth ...
As of 2006, no controlled study of the effects of chewing gum containing potassium chloride has been made, although it has been reported as significantly reducing dentine hypersensitivity. Nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HAp) is considered one of the most biocompatible and bioactive materials and has gained wide acceptance in dentistry in recent years.
Dental health experts worry that more people are using toothpaste that skips the most important ingredient — fluoride — and leaves them at a greater risk of cavities. Experts question benefits ...
Furthermore, nano-hydroxyapatite may have the capacity to reverse damage from carious assaults by either directly replacing deteriorated surface minerals or acting as a binding agent for lost ions. [27] In some toothpaste hydroxyapatite can be found in the form of nanocrystals (as these are easily dissolved).
Fluoride is present in small amounts in plants, animals, and some natural water sources. The additional fluoride in toothpaste has beneficial effects on the formation of dental enamel and bones. Sodium fluoride (NaF) is the most common source of fluoride, but stannous fluoride (SnF 2), and sodium monofluorophosphate (Na 2 PO 3 F) are also used ...
The culture wars have a new target: your teeth. Communities across the U.S. are ending public water fluoridation programs, often spurred by groups that insist that people should decide whether ...
When fluoride ions are present in plaque fluid along with dissolved hydroxyapatite, and the pH is higher than 4.5, [16] a fluorapatite-like remineralised veneer is formed over the remaining surface of the enamel; this veneer is much more acid-resistant than the original hydroxyapatite, and is formed more quickly than ordinary remineralised ...
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