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A key innovation of the Yogācāra school was the doctrine of eight consciousnesses. [1] These "eight bodies of consciousnesses" (aṣṭa vijñānakāyāḥ) are: the five sense-consciousnesses (of seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting and bodily sense), mentation (mano or citta), the defiled self-consciousness (kliṣṭamanovijñāna), [54] and ...
The eight precepts are meant to give lay people an impression of what it means to live as a monastic, [15] [16] and the precepts "may function as the thin end of a wedge for attracting some to monastic life". [17] People who are observing the eight precepts are sometimes also addressed differently.
It is also one of the central precepts of Hinduism and is the first of the five precepts of Buddhism. Ahimsa is [5] inspired by the premise that all living beings have the spark of the divine spiritual energy; therefore, to hurt another being is to hurt oneself. Ahimsa is also related to the notion that all acts of violence have karmic ...
[1] [2] The term literally means tradition or "that which has come down", and the Agama texts describe cosmology, epistemology, philosophical doctrines, precepts on meditation and practices, four kinds of yoga, mantras, temple construction, deity worship and ways to attain sixfold desires. [1] [3] These canonical texts are in Sanskrit [1] and ...
In Early Buddhism, the five precepts were regarded as an ethic of restraint, to restrain unwholesome tendencies and thereby purify one's being to attain enlightenment. [1] [33] The five precepts were based on the pañcaśīla, prohibitions for pre-Buddhist Brahmanic priests, which were adopted in many Indic religions around 6th century BCE.
For instance, the Taittirīya Upaniṣad describes the five "sheaths" of a person (Sanskrit: puruṣa), starting with the grossest level of the five evolving great elements: From this very self did aether come into being; from aether, air; from air, fire; from fire, water, from water, the earth; from the earth, organisms; from organisms, foods ...
These eight precepts were commonly taken by Ceylonese laypeople on observance days. [6] But for a person to take them for life was highly unusual. Dharmapala was the first anagarika – that is, a celibate, full-time worker for Buddhism – in modern times.
(8) Nonconceptual wisdom is taught as the superior prajñā [within this division of cultivation]. (9) The nonabiding nirvāṇa is taught as the relinquishment that is the result of this [training]. (10) The three kāyas of a buddha—the svābhāvika[kāya], the sambhogakāya, and the nirmāṇakāya—are taught as the wisdom that is the ...