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The nucleolus (/ nj uː ˈ k l iː ə l ə s, ˌ nj uː k l i ˈ oʊ l ə s /; pl.: nucleoli /-l aɪ /) is the largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. [1] It is best known as the site of ribosome biogenesis. The nucleolus also participates in the formation of signal recognition particles and plays a role in the cell's response to ...
The location of NORs and the nucleolar cycle in human cells. Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) are chromosomal regions crucial for the formation of the nucleolus.In humans, the NORs are located on the short arms of the acrocentric chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21 and 22, the genes RNR1, RNR2, RNR3, RNR4, and RNR5 respectively. [1]
In fact, DNA analysis of these two types of domains have shown that many sequences overlap, indicating that certain regions may switch between lamina-binding and nucleolus-binding. [35] NADs are associated with nucleolus function. The nucleolus is the largest sub-organelle within the nucleus and is the principal site for rRNA transcription.
The core is, by definition, the set of all imputations in which the excess of each coalition is at least 0. Therefore, if the core is non-empty, the nucleolus is in the core. When the core is empty, it is natural to consider an approximation: the ε-core is the set of all imputations in which the excess of each coalition is at least -ε.
The nuclear matrix is also believed to be contained in the nucleoplasm where it functions to maintain the size and shape of the nucleus, in a role similar to that of the cytoskeleton found in the cytoplasm. [10] However, the existence and the exact function of the nuclear matrix remain unclear and heavily debated.
The perinucleolar compartment (PNC) is a subnuclear body characterized by its location at the periphery of the nucleolus. [1] The PNC participates in the patterned compartmentalization inside the nucleus to organize the specialized functions.
A few examples of RNPs include the ribosome, the enzyme telomerase, vault ribonucleoproteins, RNase P, hnRNP and small nuclear RNPs , which have been implicated in pre-mRNA splicing (spliceosome) and are among the main components of the nucleolus. [22]
MBInfo – Descriptions on Cellular Functions and Processes; Inside the Cell Archived 2017-07-20 at the Wayback Machine – a science education booklet by National Institutes of Health, in PDF and ePub. Cell Biology in "The Biology Project" of University of Arizona. Centre of the Cell online