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In mathematics and computer science, a string metric (also known as a string similarity metric or string distance function) is a metric that measures distance ("inverse similarity") between two text strings for approximate string matching or comparison and in fuzzy string searching.
In text processing, a proximity search looks for documents where two or more separately matching term occurrences are within a specified distance, where distance is the number of intermediate words or characters. In addition to proximity, some implementations may also impose a constraint on the word order, in that the order in the searched text ...
The similarity of two strings and is determined by this formula: twice the number of matching characters divided by the total number of characters of both strings. The matching characters are defined as some longest common substring [3] plus recursively the number of matching characters in the non-matching regions on both sides of the longest common substring: [2] [4]
Approximate matching is also used in spam filtering. [5] Record linkage is a common application where records from two disparate databases are matched. String matching cannot be used for most binary data, such as images and music. They require different algorithms, such as acoustic fingerprinting.
When we want to write functions to make Color an abstract data type, we wish to write functions to interface with the data type, and thus we want to extract some data from the data type, for example, just the string or just the integer part of Color.
A match is made, not when all the atoms of the string are matched, but rather when all the pattern atoms in the regex have matched. The idea is to make a small pattern of characters stand for a large number of possible strings, rather than compiling a large list of all the literal possibilities.
A string-searching algorithm, sometimes called string-matching algorithm, is an algorithm that searches a body of text for portions that match by pattern. A basic example of string searching is when the pattern and the searched text are arrays of elements of an alphabet ( finite set ) Σ.
If no matching characters are found then the strings are not similar and the algorithm terminates by returning Jaro similarity score 0. If non-zero matching characters are found, the next step is to find the number of transpositions. Transposition is the number of matching characters that are not in the right order divided by two.