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Wave intensity analysis is frequently used in the study of coronary artery hemodynamics where impedance analysis is seldom, if ever, used. [11] It played an important role in the development of the Instantaneous Wave-free Ratio as a measure of the functional effect of stenoses in the coronary arteries. This method informs an interventional ...
An ABPI between and including 0.90 and 1.29 considered normal (free from significant PAD), while a lesser than 0.9 indicates arterial disease. [14] An ABPI value of 1.3 or greater is also considered abnormal, and suggests calcification of the walls of the arteries and incompressible vessels, reflecting severe peripheral vascular disease .
Absence of the portal system in a first trimester case associated with hygroma and aorto-umbilical fistula. (A): Transverse plane of the upper abdomen with color Doppler applied, showing umbilical cord insertion, stomach, the prominent hepatic artery and no afferent liver venous perfusion; (B): midsagittal plane reconstructed from a three-dimensional volume acquisition were the crown-rump ...
The arterial resistivity index (also called as Resistance index, abbreviated as RI), developed by Léandre Pourcelot , is a measure of pulsatile blood flow that reflects the resistance to blood flow caused by microvascular bed distal to the site of measurement.
The theory of the velocity of the transmission of the pulse through the circulation dates back to 1808 with the work of Thomas Young. [9] The relationship between pulse wave velocity (PWV) and arterial wall stiffness can be derived from Newton's second law of motion (=) applied to a small fluid element, where the force on the element equals the product of density (the mass per unit volume ...
Pulse Decomposition Analysis (PDA), which is a pulse contour analysis approach, [18] is based on the concept that five individual component pulses constitute the peripheral arterial pressure pulse of the upper body. These component pulses are due to the left ventricular ejection and the reflections and re-reflections of the first component ...
Carotid ultrasound is a low-cost, noninvasive, and accurate diagnostic imaging modality used to evaluate diseases of the carotid arteries. [2] It is most often used to diagnose carotid artery stenosis, a form of atherosclerosis, and has the capability to assess plaque morphology and characteristics. [1]
Pseudonormalisation shows a transmitral profile that appears normal. However, with the use of pulmonary vein pulsed wave Doppler, it can be shown that the relaxation pattern is abnormal (systolic blunting, a decrease in the height of the S wave). In addition, performance of a Valsalva manoeuvre will result in unmasking of the pseudonormal state.