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Karuppannan Jaishankar is an Indian criminologist.He is the Founder and Principal Director and Professor of Criminology and Justice Sciences at the International Institute of Justice & Police Sciences, [1] a non-profit academic institution and independent policy think tank in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India and an Adjunct Faculty Member of the United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice ...
Victimology is the study of victimization, including the psychological effects on victims, the relationship between victims and offenders, the interactions between victims and the criminal justice system—that is, the police and courts, and corrections officials—and the connections between victims and other social groups and institutions, such as the media, businesses, and social movements.
Marxist criminology, conflict criminology, and critical criminology claim that most relationships between state and citizen are non-consensual and, as such, criminal law is not necessarily representative of public beliefs and wishes: it is exercised in the interests of the ruling or dominant class.
Penology (also penal theory) is a subfield of criminology that deals with the philosophy and practice [1] [2] of various societies in their attempts to repress criminal activities, and satisfy public opinion via an appropriate treatment regime for persons convicted of criminal offences.
Various theories of victimology exist, each to explain why certain people become victims of crimes, and why others do not. Some people view some theories in a negative light, believing that to conjecture as to the causes of victimization is tantamount to blaming the victim for crime, at least partly.
The International Review of Victimology is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal that covers the field of victimology. [1] The editor-in-chief is Joanna Shapland (University of Sheffield) and the editors are Edna Erez (University of Illinois at Chicago), Matthew Hall (Sheffield University), Leslie Sebba (The Hebrew University) and Jo-Anne Wemmers (Université de Montréal).
National Forensic Science University, New Delhi (Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Narayan National Institute of Criminology & Forensic Science) [3] [4] is the campus of the National Forensic Sciences University and an Institution of National Importance under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), Government of India as recognised by an act of the Parliament of India.
It is the view of the feminist school of criminology that a majority of criminological theories were developed through studies on male subjects and focused on male criminality, and that criminologists often would "add women and stir" rather than develop separate theories on female criminality.