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It includes the prevertebral muscles (longus colli and longus capitis), vertebral artery, vertebral vein, scalene muscles, phrenic nerve and part of the brachial plexus. [3] In trauma, an increased thickness of the prevertebral space is a sign of injury, and can be measured with medical imaging. [4]
The danger space or alar space, is a region of the neck. [1] The common name originates from the risk that an infection in this space can spread directly to the thorax , and, due to being a space continuous on the left and right, can furthermore allow infection to spread easily to either side.
Inferiorly, the prevertebral layer blends with the endothoracic fascia peripherally and fuses with the anterior longitudinal ligament centrally at approximately the level of the T3 vertebra. Due to this, the superior extent of the retropharyngeal space is essentially continuous with the root of the neck, and is termed the danger space.
The authors revealed that the alar fascia originated as a well defined midline structure at the level of C1 and does not reach the base of the skull. It is suggested that the area between C1 and the base of the skull is a potential entry into the danger space. [4]
Fascial spaces (also termed fascial tissue spaces [1] or tissue spaces [2]) are potential spaces that exist between the fasciae and underlying organs and other tissues. [3] In health, these spaces do not exist; they are only created by pathology, e.g. the spread of pus or cellulitis in an infection.
The carotid sheath is situated at each lateral boundary of the retropharyngeal space, [3] deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. [ 2 ] : 579 [ 3 ] [ 2 ] The pharynx is situated medial to the carotid sheath, (in the suprahyoid region) the parotid gland laterally to it, in the suprahyoid region the infratemporal fossa anterior to it, and the ...
The posterior triangle is crossed, about 2.5 cm above the clavicle, by the inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle, which divides the space into two triangles: an upper or occipital triangle; a lower or subclavian triangle (or supraclavicular triangle)
The prevertebral muscles are the muscles located between the prevertebral fascia (older definition) and the vertebral column, i.e., the longus capitis, [1] longus colli, [1] rectus capitis anterior, and rectus capitis lateralis [2] muscles.