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In the 1985 and 1986 World Rally Championships, Lancia ran the Delta S4, which incorporated both a belt-driven supercharger and exhaust-driven turbocharger. The design used a complex series of bypass valves in the induction and exhaust systems as well as an electromagnetic clutch so that, at low engine speeds, a boost was derived from the ...
[28] [29] Some turbocharger designs are available with multiple turbine housing options, allowing a housing to be selected to best suit the engine's characteristics and the performance requirements. A turbocharger's performance is closely tied to its size, [30] and the relative sizes of the turbine wheel and the compressor wheel. Large turbines ...
A mechanically driven supercharger offers exceptional response and low-rpm performance, as it does not rely on pressurization of the exhaust manifold (assuming that it is a positive-displacement design, such as a Roots-type or twin-screw, as opposed to a centrifugal supercharger, which does not provide substantial boost in the lower rpm range), but is less efficient than a turbocharger due to ...
A turbocharger for a car engine A supercharger (on top of a dark-grey inlet manifold) for a car engine. In an internal combustion engine, forced induction is where turbocharging or supercharging is used to increase the density of the intake air.
The supercharger typically will need to be of the positive-displacement (Roots or screw) type due to its ability to produce boost at relatively low engine speeds. Otherwise, low-speed power will suffer. Alternatively, a turbocharger can be used for greater efficiency, if low-speed operation is not required, or supplemented with electric motors.
Wright R-3350 Duplex-Cyclone Turbo-Compound radial engine.. The first aircraft engine to be tested with a power-recovery turbine was the Rolls-Royce Crecy.This was used primarily to drive a geared centrifugal supercharger, although it was also coupled to the crankshaft and gave an extra 15 to 35 percent fuel economy.
By adding a forced aspiration device (turbocharger or supercharger) and direct injection technology, they provide a powerful engine with similar performance to a much larger engine, but with much improved efficiency and reduced carbon emissions. A smaller engine is also often lighter, so less overall energy is expended while driving.
An electric supercharger also uses an electric motor to power the compressor, however the electric motor is the sole power source in an electric supercharger. A turbocharger that can divert some of the exhaust gas to produce electricity (using the vehicle's alternator) is sometimes called a hybrid turbocharger. [14]
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