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The Padma Vibhushan is the second highest civilian award of the Republic of India.Instituted on 2 January 1954, [1] the award is given for the "exceptional and distinguished service", without distinction of race, occupation, position, or sex.
The Padma Vibhushan (IAST: Padma Vibhūṣaṇa, lit."Lotus Grandeur") is the second-highest civilian award of the Republic of India, after the Bharat Ratna.Instituted on 2 January 1954, the award is given for "exceptional and distinguished service".
When instituted in 1954, the Padma Bhushan was classified as "Dusra Varg" (Class II) under the three-tier Padma Vibhushan awards, which were preceded by the Bharat Ratna in hierarchy. On 15 January 1955, the Padma Vibhushan was reclassified into three different awards as the Padma Vibhushan, the Padma Bhushan and the Padma Shri. [3]
When instituted in 1954, the Padma Bhushan was classified as "Dusra Varg" (Class II) under the three-tier Padma Vibhushan awards, which were preceded by the Bharat Ratna in hierarchy. On 15 January 1955, the Padma Vibhushan was reclassified into three different awards as the Padma Vibhushan, the Padma Bhushan and the Padma Shri. [3]
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam was an Indian aerospace scientist and statesman who served as president of India from 2002 to 2007. [1] Born in Rameswaram in Southern India, Kalam spent four decades as a scientist and science administrator, mainly at the Defence Research and Development Organisation and Indian Space Research Organisation and was intimately involved in India's civilian space programme and ...
The award is given in three categories: Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan and Padma Shri, in decreasing order of precedence. Padma Vibhushan is awarded for "exceptional and distinguished service". The Padma Vibhushan ("Great Lotus Decoration") is the second-highest civilian award in India.
The original specification of the award was a circle made of standard silver 1 + 3 ⁄ 8 inches (35 mm) in diameter, with rims on both the sides. A centrally located lotus flower was embossed on the obverse side of the medal and the text "Padma Vibhushan" written in Devanagari script was inscribed above the lotus along the upper edge of the ...
When instituted in 1954, the Padma Bhushan was classified as "Dusra Warg" (Class II) under the three-tier Padma Vibhushan awards, which were preceded by the Bharat Ratna in hierarchy. On 15 January 1955, the Padma Vibhushan was reclassified into three different awards as the Padma Vibhushan, the Padma Bhushan and the Padma Shri. [3]