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The use of high-dynamic-range imaging (HDRI) in computer graphics was introduced by Greg Ward in 1985 with his open-source Radiance rendering and lighting simulation software which created the first file format to retain a high-dynamic-range image. HDRI languished for more than a decade, held back by limited computing power, storage, and ...
The ideal case of epipolar geometry. A 3D point x is projected onto two camera images through lines (green) which intersect with each camera's focal point, O 1 and O 2. The resulting image points are y 1 and y 2. The green lines intersect at x. In practice, the image points y 1 and y 2 cannot be measured with arbitrary
A view frustum The appearance of an object in a pyramid of vision When creating a parallel projection, the viewing frustum is shaped like a box as opposed to a pyramid.. In 3D computer graphics, a viewing frustum [1] or view frustum [2] is the region of space in the modeled world that may appear on the screen; it is the field of view of a perspective virtual camera system.
Virtual cinematography is the set of cinematographic techniques performed in a computer graphics environment. It includes a wide variety of subjects like photographing real objects, often with stereo or multi-camera setup, for the purpose of recreating them as three-dimensional objects and algorithms for the automated creation of real and simulated camera angles.
Until recent years, focusing of a camera lens to achieve a sharp image on the film plane was achieved by means of a very shallow helical thread in the lens mount through which the lens could be rotated, moving it closer or further from the film plane. This arrangement, while simple to design and construct, has some limitations, not least the ...
RenderMan has much in common with OpenGL (developed by the now-defunct Silicon Graphics), despite the two APIs being targeted to different sets of users (OpenGL to real-time hardware-assisted rendering and RenderMan to photorealistic off-line rendering). Both APIs take the form of a stack-based state machine with (conceptually) immediate ...
Computational photography can improve the capabilities of a camera, or introduce features that were not possible at all with film-based photography, or reduce the cost or size of camera elements. Examples of computational photography include in-camera computation of digital panoramas , [ 6 ] high-dynamic-range images , and light field cameras .
Current generation gaming systems are able to render 3D graphics using floating-point frame buffers, in order to produce HDR images. To produce the bloom effect, the linear HDRR image in the frame buffer is convolved with a convolution kernel in a post-processing step, before converting to RGB space. The convolution step usually requires the ...