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In the Hebrew Bible, adoni, with the suffix for the first person possessive, means "my lord", and is a term of respect that may refer to God [8] or to a human superior, [9] or occasionally an angel, whereas adonai (literally "my lords") is reserved for God alone.
The word is identical to elohim meaning gods and is cognate to the 'lhm found in Ugaritic, where it is used for the pantheon of Canaanite gods, the children of El and conventionally vocalized as "Elohim" although the original Ugaritic vowels are unknown. When the Hebrew Bible uses elohim not in reference to God, it is plural (for example ...
Many English translations of the Bible translate the Tetragrammaton as L ORD, following the Jewish practice of substituting Adonai for it. [19] In the same sense as the substitution of Adonai, the Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Bible to Greek mainly used the word Kyrios (Greek: Κύριος, meaning 'lord') for YHWH. [20]
Barukh ata Adonai Eloheinu, melekh ha'olam, asher kideshanu be'mitzvotav ve'ratza banu, ve'shabbat kodsho be'ahava u've'ratzon hinchilanu, zikaron le'ma'ase vereshit. Ki hu yom techila le'mik'raei kodesh, zecher li'yziat mitzrayim. Ki vanu vacharta ve'otanu kidashta mi'kol ha'amim, ve'shabbat kodshecha be'ahava u've'ratzon hinchaltanu.
Jehovah-jireh in King James Bible 1853 Genesis 22:14. In the Masoretic Text, the name is יְהוָה יִרְאֶה (yhwh yirʾeh). The first word of the phrase is the Tetragrammaton (יהוה), YHWH, the most common name of God in the Hebrew Bible, which is usually given the pronunciation Yahweh in scholarly works. [1]
Thus, for most of its history, Christianity's translations of the Scriptures have used equivalents of Adonai to represent the Tetragrammaton. Only at about the beginning of the 16th century did Christian translations of the Bible appear combining the vowels of Adonai with the four (consonantal) letters of the Tetragrammaton. [128] [129]
[Note 1] The names of God used most often in the Hebrew Bible are the Tetragrammaton (Hebrew: יהוה, romanized: YHWH) and Elohim. [4] [5] Jews traditionally do not pronounce it, and instead refer to God as HaShem, literally "the Name". In prayer, the Tetragrammaton is substituted with the pronunciation Adonai, meaning "My Lord". [27]
The thirteen attributes are alluded to a number of other times in the Bible. Verses where God is described using all or some of the attributes include Numbers 14:18 , Joel 2:13 , Jonah 4:2 , Micah 7:18 , Nahum 1:3 , Psalms 86:15 , 103:8 , 145:8 , and Nehemiah 9:17 .