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For example, in developed countries, shigellosis (bacillary dysentery) is normally considered a sporadic disease, but in overcrowded places with poor sanitation and poor personal hygiene, it may become epidemic. Shigellosis was a sporadic disease in South Korea for many years, until 1998.
Sporotrichosis, also known as rose handler's disease, [2] is a fungal infection that may be localised to skin, lungs, bone and joint, or become systemic. [2] [4] It presents with firm painless nodules that later ulcerate. [3] Following initial exposure to Sporothrix schenckii, the disease typically progresses over a period of a week to several ...
Plant disease triangle. Epidemiology is the study of factors affecting the outbreak and spread of infectious diseases. [10] A disease triangle describes the basic factors required for plant diseases. These are the host plant, the pathogen, and the environment. Any one of these can be modified to control a disease. [11]
Plant disease epidemiology is the study of disease in plant populations. Much like diseases of humans and other animals, plant diseases occur due to pathogens such as bacteria , viruses , fungi , oomycetes , nematodes , phytoplasmas , protozoa , and parasitic plants . [ 1 ]
In plants, mottling usually consists of yellowish spots on plants, and is usually a sign of disease or malnutrition. [1] Many plant viruses cause mottling, some examples being: Tobacco vein mottling virus; Bean pod mottle virus; Mottling is sometimes used to describe uneven, discolored patches on the skin of humans as a result of cutaneous ...
Therefore, holoendemic diseases differ from hyperendemic [3] diseases, of which symptoms are expressed equally by members across all age groups of a population. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Holoendemicity is frequently seen with malaria , specifically the strain caused by Plasmodium falciparum , in several regions of sub-Saharan Africa (one study found that 98. ...
Downy mildew refers to any of several types of oomycete microbes that are obligate parasites of plants. Downy mildews exclusively belong to the Peronosporaceae family. In commercial agriculture, they are a particular problem for growers of crucifers, grapes and vegetables that grow on vines.
This category includes economically significant plant diseases and the organisms that cause them including, fungi, bacteria, protists and viruses. For more information on plant pathology see phytopathology. For insects that transmit plant pathogens see Insect vectors of plant pathogens.