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Further growth and development continues after birth, and includes both physical and psychological development that is influenced by genetic, hormonal, environmental and other factors. This continues throughout life : through childhood and adolescence into adulthood .
The speed of physical growth is rapid in the months after birth, then slows, so birth weight is doubled in the first four months, tripled by 1 year, but not quadrupled until 2 years. [85] Growth then proceeds at a slow rate until a period of rapid growth occurs shortly before puberty (between about 9 and 15 years of age). [86]
He was trained in psychoanalysis and was highly influenced by Freud, but unlike Freud, Erikson believed that social interaction is very important to the individual's psychosocial development. His stage theory consists of 8 stages in life from birth to old age, each of which is characterized by a specific developmental task. [13]
Although physical growth is a highly regular process, all children differ tremendously in the timing of their growth spurts. [69] Studies are being done to analyze how the differences in these timings affect and are related to other variables of developmental psychology such as information processing speed.
Life cycles can be divided into two major stages: growth and reproduction. These two cannot take place at the same time, so once reproduction has begun, growth usually ends. [9] This shift is important because it can also affect other aspects of an organism's life, such as the organization of its group or its social interactions. [8]
Babies experience the greatest height velocity, or speed of growth, during the first 2 years of life. [3] In addition, the mid parental height (MPH) is used to calculate the expected height potential and interpret the growth curve of a child. [3] The following calculations are used for males and females respectively:
Life is a quality that distinguishes matter that has biological processes, such as signaling and self-sustaining processes, from matter that does not. It is defined descriptively by the capacity for homeostasis, organisation, metabolism, growth, adaptation, response to stimuli, and reproduction.
It is important to note that real lasting personal development is only achieved through meaningful and lasting accomplishments. Viktor Frankl emphasized this by stating "Genuine and lasting well-being is the result of a “life well-lived [ 42 ] ”.