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Intellectual courage is an underappreciated element of personal growth. [4] Many philosophical writers have identified the need for instruction in the intellectual virtues, such as intellectual courage, as part of liberal education. [4] Intellectual courage encourages life-long learning. [4]
Human intelligence is the intellectual capability of humans, which is marked by complex cognitive feats and high levels of motivation and self-awareness.Using their intelligence, humans are able to learn, form concepts, understand, and apply logic and reason.
Intelligence and personality have some common features; for example, they both follow a relatively stable pattern throughout the whole of one’s life, and are to some degree genetically determined. [1] [2] In addition, they are both significant predictors of various outcomes, such as educational achievement, occupational performance, and health.
Socrates (c. 470 – 399 BC). The first historical figure who is usually called an "intellectualist" was the Greek philosopher Socrates (c. 470 – 399 BC), who taught that intellectualism allows that "one will do what is right or [what is] best, just as soon as one truly understands what is right or best"; that virtue is a matter of the intellect, because virtue and knowledge are related ...
"Intelligence: new findings and theoretical developments" (PDF). American Psychologist. 67 (2): 130– 159. doi:10.1037/a0026699. ISSN 0003-066X. PMID 22233090 Major review article in a flagship publication of the American Psychological Association, a thorough review of current research. "The latest on intelligence".
The major characteristics of these definitions are (a) the diversity of areas in which performance may be exhibited (e.g., intellectual, creativity, artistic, leadership, academically), (b) the comparison with other groups (e.g., those in general education classrooms or of the same age, experience, or environment), and (c) the use of terms that ...
The term "man of letters" derives from the French term belletrist or homme de lettres but is not synonymous with "an academic". [4] [5] A "man of letters" was a literate man, able to read and write, and thus highly valued in the upper strata of society in a time when literacy was rare.