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  2. DaveGrohl - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DaveGrohl

    DaveGrohl supports all of the standard Mac OS X user password hashes (MD4, SHA-512 and PBKDF2) [1] [2] [3] used since OS X Lion and also can extract them formatted for other popular password crackers like John the Ripper. [4] The latest stable release is designed specifically for Mac OS X Lion and Mountain Lion.

  3. Hydra (software) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydra_(software)

    Hydra works by using different approaches, such as brute-force attacks and dictionary attacks, in order to guess the right username and password combination. Hydra is commonly used by penetration testers together with a set of programmes like crunch, [ 3 ] cupp [ 4 ] etc, which are used to generate wordlists based on user-defined patterns.

  4. John the Ripper - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_the_Ripper

    One of the modes John can use is the dictionary attack. [6] It takes text string samples (usually from a file, called a wordlist, containing words found in a dictionary or real passwords cracked before), encrypting it in the same format as the password being examined (including both the encryption algorithm and key), and comparing the output to the encrypted string.

  5. IPSW - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPSW

    The U.S. government ordered Apple to produce an IPSW file that would allow investigators to brute force the passcode of the iPhone. [7] The order used the All Writs Act , originally created by the Judiciary Act of 1789 , to demand the firmware, in the same way as other smartphone manufacturers have been ordered to comply.

  6. Password cracking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password_cracking

    In cryptanalysis and computer security, password cracking is the process of guessing passwords [1] protecting a computer system.A common approach (brute-force attack) is to repeatedly try guesses for the password and to check them against an available cryptographic hash of the password. [2]

  7. Brute-force attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brute-force_attack

    A brute-force attack is a cryptanalytic attack that can, in theory, be used to attempt to decrypt any encrypted data (except for data encrypted in an information-theoretically secure manner). [1] Such an attack might be used when it is not possible to take advantage of other weaknesses in an encryption system (if any exist) that would make the ...

  8. Message authentication code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_authentication_code

    The message and the MAC tag are then sent to the receiver. The receiver in turn runs the message portion of the transmission through the same MAC algorithm using the same key, producing a second MAC data tag. The receiver then compares the first MAC tag received in the transmission to the second generated MAC tag.

  9. EFF DES cracker - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EFF_DES_cracker

    The brute force attack showed that cracking DES was actually a very practical proposition. Most governments and large corporations could reasonably build a machine like Deep Crack. Six months later, in response to RSA Security's DES Challenge III, and in collaboration with distributed.net, the EFF used Deep Crack to decrypt another DES ...