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A rotary evaporator [1] (rotovap) is a device used in chemical laboratories for the efficient and gentle removal of solvents from samples by evaporation.When referenced in the chemistry research literature, description of the use of this technique and equipment may include the phrase "rotary evaporator", though use is often rather signaled by other language (e.g., "the sample was evaporated ...
In 1950, Craig invented the rotary evaporator which is a necessary equipment in most chemical labs. [5] [6] He also invented the Craig tube, an apparatus used in small-scale chemistry, in particular for recrystallization. [7] He received recognition from his peers and several honors for his scientific accomplishments.
An industrial evaporator used in a chemical plant in Turkey. An evaporator is a type of heat exchanger device that facilitates evaporation by utilizing conductive and convective heat transfer, which provides the necessary thermal energy for phase transition from liquid to vapour. Within evaporators, a circulating liquid is exposed to an ...
Systems used for this purpose include rotary evaporators and centrifugal evaporators. When clothes are hung on a laundry line, even though the ambient temperature is below the boiling point of water, water evaporates. This is accelerated by factors such as low humidity, heat (from the sun), and wind.
Centrifugal evaporator patent from 1875. A centrifugal evaporator is a device used in chemical and biochemical laboratories for the efficient and gentle evaporation of solvents from many samples at the same time, and samples contained in microtitre plates. If only one sample required evaporation then a rotary evaporator is most often
"Short path" refers to the short distance that the vapors of the distillate need to travel, which helps reduce loss and speed up collection of the distillate.This type of distillation is generally performed under vacuum to prevent the compound from charring due to atmospheric oxygen, as well as to allow the distillation to proceed at a lower temperature.
Circulation evaporators are fairly compact and are easy to clean and operate. [13] They can also be easily adapted according to the product that needs to be obtained. [15] They have a high heat transfer coefficient as well as a high circulation flow, [4] [13] which both work to increase the efficiency of the evaporator.
A generic evaporator dish. The shape of the evaporating dish encourages evaporation in two ways: The shell is relatively flat. A relatively large liquid surface promotes evaporation. If heated in a flask or beaker, a part of the evaporated liquid condenses on the vessel walls and flows back into the solution. This does not happen in a dish.