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Acetone (2-propanone or dimethyl ketone) is an organic compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 CO. [22] It is the simplest and smallest ketone (>C=O).It is a colorless, highly volatile, and flammable liquid with a characteristic pungent odour, very reminiscent of the smell of pear drops.
Acetone and acetic anhydride ((CH 3 C(O)) 2 O) upon the addition of boron trifluoride (BF 3) catalyst: [11] (CH 3 C(O)) 2 O + CH 3 C(O)CH 3 → CH 3 C(O)CH 2 C(O)CH 3 A second synthesis involves the base-catalyzed condensation (e.g., by sodium ethoxide CH 3 CH 2 O − Na + ) of acetone and ethyl acetate , followed by acidification of the sodium ...
Vapor pressure of acetone based on formula, = + from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. vapor pressure of acetone (log scale) based on formula, log 10 P m m H g = 7.02447 − 1161.0 224 + T {\displaystyle \scriptstyle \log _{10}P_{mmHg}=7.02447-{\frac {1161.0}{224+T}}} from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry , 10th ed.
Isophorone, derived from acetone, is an unsaturated, asymmetrical ketone that is the precursor to other polymers. Muscone , 3-methylpentadecanone, is an animal pheromone . Another cyclic ketone is cyclobutanone , having the formula (CH 2 ) 3 CO .
pKa values for acetic, chloroacetic, dichloroacetic and trichloroacetic acids. Inductive effects and mesomeric effects affect the pK a values. A simple example is provided by the effect of replacing the hydrogen atoms in acetic acid by the more electronegative chlorine atom.
It decomposes at a moderate reaction rate into acetone and carbon dioxide: CH 3 C(O)CH 2 CO 2 H → CH 3 C(O)CH 3 + CO 2. The acid form has a half-life of 140 minutes at 37 °C in water, whereas the basic form (the anion) has a half-life of 130 hours. That is, it reacts about 55 times more slowly. [8]
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Deuterated acetone is prepared by the reaction of acetone with heavy water, 2 H 2 O or D 2 O, in the presence of a base. In this case, the base used is deuterated lithium hydroxide : [ 1 ] In order to fully deuterate the acetone, the process is repeated several times, distilling off the acetone from the heavy water, and re-running the reaction ...