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The Hammond organ is an electric organ, invented by Laurens Hammond and John M. Hanert [1] and first manufactured in 1935. [2] Various models were produced, which originally used tonewheels to generate sound via additive synthesis , where component waveform ratios are mixed by sliding switches called drawbars and imitate the pipe organ's registers.
The pipe organ is a musical instrument that produces sound by driving pressurised air (called wind) through the organ pipes selected from a keyboard.Because each pipe produces a single pitch, the pipes are provided in sets called ranks, each of which has a common timbre, volume, and construction throughout the keyboard compass.
An 8 ′ stop is said to sound at "unison pitch": the keys on the organ console produce the expected pitch (e.g. the key for middle C causes a middle C pipe to speak), like a piano. In a rank of stopped pipes, the lowest pipe is 4 feet in length but sounds at unison pitch—that is, at the same pitch as an 8 ′ open pipe—so it is known as an ...
In 1938, the FTC ordered Hammond to "cease and desist" a number of advertising claims, including that its instrument was equivalent to a $10,000 pipe organ. After the FTC's decision, Hammond claimed that the hearings had vindicated his company's assertions that the organ produced "real", "fine", and "beautiful" music, phrases which were each ...
the row of organ pipes used to create a particular sound, more appropriately known as a rank; the sound itself; Organ stops are sorted into four major types: principal, string, reed, and flute. This is a sortable list of names that may be found associated with electronic and pipe organ stops. Countless stops have been designed over the ...
Since then, over 100 pipe organ projects have been completed. Along with new pipe organs, the firm has restored old instruments, relocated instruments, and rebuilt and enlarged existing pipe organs. The firm also provides service work and tuning for approximately fifty organs. In 1999, the company had 7 employees and earned "mid-$300K" in sales ...
The lowest pipes in a rank are long, and the highest are short. The progression of the length of pipes is dictated by physics alone, and the length must halve for each octave. Since there are twelve semitones in an octave, each pipe differs from its neighbours by a factor of . If the diameters of the pipes are scaled in the same way, so each ...
375 ranks; 23,500 pipes; The organ is the world's largest pipe organ located in a sacred building. The console has 874 switches for activating the stops, and the action is electro-pneumatic. The instrument is estimated to weigh over 124 tons, and is organized in 23 divisions. [40] It is continually being enlarged.