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  2. Delta modulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_modulation

    Delta modulation (DM or Δ-modulation) is an analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog signal conversion technique used for transmission of voice information where quality is not of primary importance. DM is the simplest form of differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM) where the difference between successive samples is encoded into n-bit data ...

  3. Signal-to-quantization-noise ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal-to-quantization...

    This page was last edited on 7 September 2023, at 22:40 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.

  4. Delta-sigma modulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta-sigma_modulation

    Delta-sigma (ΔΣ; or sigma-delta, ΣΔ) modulation is an oversampling method for encoding signals into low bit depth digital signals at a very high sample-frequency as part of the process of delta-sigma analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and digital-to-analog converters (DACs).

  5. Dirac delta function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirac_delta_function

    In mathematical analysis, the Dirac delta function (or δ distribution), also known as the unit impulse, [1] is a generalized function on the real numbers, whose value is zero everywhere except at zero, and whose integral over the entire real line is equal to one. [2] [3] [4] Thus it can be represented heuristically as

  6. Sampling (signal processing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_(signal_processing)

    The Whittaker–Shannon interpolation formula is mathematically equivalent to an ideal low-pass filter whose input is a sequence of Dirac delta functions that are modulated (multiplied) by the sample values. When the time interval between adjacent samples is a constant (), the sequence of delta functions is called a Dirac comb.

  7. Envelope (waves) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Envelope_(waves)

    Here the modulation wavelength λ mod is given by: [2] [3] λ m o d = λ 2 Δ λ . {\displaystyle \lambda _{\rm {mod}}={\frac {\lambda ^{2}}{\Delta \lambda }}\ .} The modulation wavelength is double that of the envelope itself because each half-wavelength of the modulating cosine wave governs both positive and negative values of the modulated ...

  8. Signal-to-noise ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal-to-noise_ratio

    To describe the signal quality without taking the receiver into account, the optical SNR (OSNR) is used. The OSNR is the ratio between the signal power and the noise power in a given bandwidth. Most commonly a reference bandwidth of 0.1 nm is used. This bandwidth is independent of the modulation format, the frequency and the receiver.

  9. Continuously variable slope delta modulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuously_variable...

    Continuously variable slope delta modulation (CVSD or CVSDM) is a voice coding method. It is a delta modulation with variable step size (i.e., special case of adaptive delta modulation), first proposed by Greefkes and Riemens in 1970. CVSD encodes at 1 bit per sample, so that audio sampled at 16 kHz is encoded at 16 kbit/s.