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Souls in Filipino cultures abound and differ per ethnic group in the Philippines. The concept of souls include both the souls of the living and the souls or ghosts of the dead. The concepts of souls in the Philippines is a notable traditional understanding that traces its origin from the sacred indigenous Philippine folk religions. [1]
The origin of a person's soul have been told through narratives concerning the Indigenous Philippine folk religions, where each ethnic religion has its unique concept on soul origin, soul composition, retaining and caring for the soul, and other matters, such as the eventual passage of the soul after the person's life is relinquished.
The prefix also extended to terms for actual spirits, like Tagalog kaluluwa ("soul"), Isneg Kalapataw (a totemic spirit of birds), Kankanaey aladunáxan (a spirit who makes babies cry at night to disturb their parents' sleep), and Maranao alimekat (a water spirit); as well as natural phenomena and other concepts believed to have direct ties to ...
Children's souls who graduate from Banua Mebuyan go to another realm to join souls dead of disease. All souls pass through Banua Mebuyan before going to Gimokudan. Another underworld realm is dedicated to those slain by swords or spears, where scars stay with the soul and plants are the color of blood.
The souls of those who: perished by the sword, were devoured by crocodiles or sharks, and killed by lightning; immediately ascends to Kaluwálhatian (glory) by means of the rainbow (balangaw) [126] [127] [128] In classical Tagalog the proper name for the rainbow is Balangaw, while bahaghari was only a poetic term referring to Balangaw. [123]
The NCCA has cited pangangaluluwa as one of the evidence of Filipino belief in the afterlife as well as the existence of relations between the living and the souls of the dead. [2] In Pangasinan, the observance is called panagkamarerwa, which came from kamarerwa which means soul in the Pangasinan language. [3]
There's an Indigenous form of tattooing based in the Philippines called batok, dating back to pre-colonial days. Natalia Roxas is a practitioner based in Hawaii. Batok involves tapping ink made of ...
Filipino shamans, commonly known as babaylan (also balian or katalonan, ... in the meaning of "one who escorts a soul to the other world (a psychopomp)". [6] ...