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The median of a normal distribution with mean μ and variance σ 2 is μ. In fact, for a normal distribution, mean = median = mode. The median of a uniform distribution in the interval [a, b] is (a + b) / 2, which is also the mean. The median of a Cauchy distribution with location parameter x 0 and scale parameter y is x 0, the location parameter.
Not every probability distribution has a density function: the distributions of discrete random variables do not; nor does the Cantor distribution, even though it has no discrete component, i.e., does not assign positive probability to any individual point.
Conversely, if is a normal deviate with parameters and , then this distribution can be re-scaled and shifted via the formula = / to convert it to the standard normal distribution.
The median is the value such that the fractions not exceeding it and not falling below it are each at least 1/2. It is not necessarily unique, but never infinite or totally undefined. For a data sample it is the "halfway" value when the list of values is ordered in increasing value, where usually for a list of even length the numerical average ...
The Ewens's sampling formula is a probability distribution on the set of all partitions of an integer n, arising in population genetics. The Balding–Nichols model The multinomial distribution , a generalization of the binomial distribution .
Each quartile is a median [8] calculated as follows. Given an even 2n or odd 2n+1 number of values first quartile Q 1 = median of the n smallest values third quartile Q 3 = median of the n largest values [8] The second quartile Q 2 is the same as the ordinary median. [8]
The median absolute deviation is a measure of statistical dispersion. Moreover, the MAD is a robust statistic , being more resilient to outliers in a data set than the standard deviation . In the standard deviation, the distances from the mean are squared, so large deviations are weighted more heavily, and thus outliers can heavily influence it.
In general, there is no single formula to find the median for a binomial distribution, and it may even be non-unique. However, several special results have been established: If np is an integer, then the mean, median, and mode coincide and equal np. [10] [11]