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Typically, the proto-language is not known directly. It is by definition a linguistic reconstruction formulated by applying the comparative method to a group of languages featuring similar characteristics. [3] The tree is a statement of similarity and a hypothesis that the similarity results from descent from a common language.
In 2011, an article in the journal Science proposed an African origin of modern human languages. [10] It was suggested that human language predates the out-of-Africa migrations of 50,000 to 70,000 years ago and that language might have been the essential cultural and cognitive innovation that facilitated human colonization of the globe. [11]
Proto-Pama–Nyungan. Proto-Arandic; Proto-Thura-Yura; Proto-Trans–New Guinea (); Proto-Austronesian () . Proto-Malayo-Polynesian. Proto-Malayic; Proto-Philippine
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 25 November 2024. Group of languages related through descent from a common ancestor 2005 map of the contemporary distribution of the world's primary language families A language family is a group of languages related through descent from a common ancestor, called the proto-language of that family. The ...
A proto-language is the reconstructed or historically-attested parent language of a group of languages that are genetically related. Depending on the age of the language family under consideration, its homeland may be known with near-certainty (in the case of historical or near-historical migrations) or it may be very uncertain (in the case of ...
A. Proto-Abkhaz–Abaza language; Proto-Admiralty Islands language; Proto-Afroasiatic language; Proto-Albanian language; Proto-Algic language; Proto-Algonquian language
The origin of language, its relationship with human evolution, and its consequences have been subjects of study for centuries.Scholars wishing to study the origins of language draw inferences from evidence such as the fossil record, archaeological evidence, contemporary language diversity, studies of language acquisition, and comparisons between human language and systems of animal ...
An attested word from which a root in the proto-language is reconstructed is a reflex. More generally, a reflex is the known derivative of an earlier form, which may be either attested or reconstructed. A reflex that is predictable from the reconstructed history of the language is a 'regular' reflex. Reflexes of the same source are cognates.