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The Second Polish Republic, [f] at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, [g] was a country in Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 7 October 1918 and 6 October 1939. The state was established in the final stage of World War I .
Polish voivodeships, 1922–1939. Administrative Map in 1939 showing April 1938 voivodship revisions and Slovak border changes. Subdivisions of the Second Polish Republic became an issue immediately after the creation of the Second Polish Republic in 1918. The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth had been partitioned in the late 18th
Unification of the Polish Army Day, Pilsudski in the Wawel Castle. In 1921–1939, the Polish armed forces consisted of the army and navy. The army consisted of main weapons: infantry, cavalry (from 1924 - cavalry) and artillery, technical weapons: sappers, communication and car troops and armored weapons, auxiliary weapons: gendarmerie and rolling stock.
Stachura, Peter D. Poland, 1918-1945: An Interpretive and Documentary History of the Second Republic (2004) online Archived 2019-05-26 at the Wayback Machine; Stachura, Peter D. ed. Poland Between the Wars, 1918-1939 (1998) essays by scholars; Watt, Richard M. Bitter Glory: Poland and Its Fate, 1918-1939 (1998), comprehensive survey
The Soviet annexation of some 51.6% of the territory of the Second Polish Republic, [20] where about 13,200,000 people lived in 1939 including Poles and Jews, [21] was an important event in the history of contemporary Ukraine and Belarus, because it brought within Ukrainian and Belarusian SSR new territories inhabited in part by ethnic ...
After a century of foreign rule, the Second Polish Republic was reborn in the aftermath of World War I. The borders of the republic were ratified by the Treaty of Versailles signed on 28 June 1919. They were a result of several cross-national conflicts including Polish–Ukrainian War (November 1918 – July 1919) and the Greater Poland ...
Piłsudski's colonels, [1] [2] or the colonels' regime [3] [4] (in Polish, simply "the colonels" [5]) governed the Second Polish Republic from 1926 to 1939. [4] In some contexts, the term specifically refers to the period following the death of their mentor and patron, Józef Piłsudski , from 1935 to 1939.
The Invasion of Poland, [e] also known as the September Campaign, [f] Polish Campaign, [g] and Polish Defensive War of 1939 [h] [13] (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint attack on the Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak Republic, and the Soviet Union, which marked the beginning of World War II. [14]