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Research in mathematical sciences, such as physics, is also "quantitative" by definition, though this use of the term differs in context. In the social sciences, the term relates to empirical methods originating in both philosophical positivism and the history of statistics , in contrast with qualitative research methods.
An open textbook is a textbook licensed under an open license, and made available online to be freely used by students, teachers and members of the public.Many open textbooks are distributed in either print, e-book, or audio formats that may be downloaded or purchased at little or no cost.
Quantitative biology is an umbrella term encompassing the use of mathematical, statistical or computational techniques to study life and living organisms. The central theme and goal of quantitative biology is the creation of predictive models based on fundamental principles governing living systems .
A research design that involves multiple measures of the same variable taken on the same or matched subjects either under different conditions or over two or more time periods. [ 1 ] Paired t-test , Wilcoxon signed-rank test
A scholar's discipline is commonly defined by the university faculties and learned societies to which they belong and the academic journals in which they publish research. Disciplines vary between well-established ones in almost all universities with well-defined rosters of journals and conferences and nascent ones supported by only a few ...
Educational research refers to the systematic collection and analysis of evidence and data related to the field of education. Research may involve a variety of methods [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] and various aspects of education including student learning, interaction, teaching methods , teacher training, and classroom dynamics.
The article "E books rewrite the rules of education" states that, alternately to spending a lot of money on textbooks, you can purchase an e-textbook at a small amount of the cost. With the growth of digital applications for iPhone, and gadgets like the Amazon kindle, e-textbooks are not an innovation, but have been "gaining momentum". [ 33 ]
Methods for analyzing and integrating fieldnotes into qualitative or quantitative research are continuing to develop. Grounded theory is a method for integrating data in qualitative research done primarily by social scientists. This may have implications for fieldnotes in the natural sciences as well.