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Metronidazole, sold under the brand name Flagyl among others, is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication. [11] It is used either alone or with other antibiotics to treat pelvic inflammatory disease , endocarditis , and bacterial vaginosis . [ 11 ]
The pregnancy category of a medication is an assessment of the risk of fetal injury due to the pharmaceutical, if it is used as directed by the mother during pregnancy. It does not include any risks conferred by pharmaceutical agents or their metabolites in breast milk. Every drug has specific information listed in its product literature.
Metronidazole is an antibiotic with an off-label use in eradicating H. pylori for treating gastric ulceration. Resistance of metronidazole is above 15% worldwide. [ 32 ] It is likely to be resistant so is not the first line choice of treatment. [ 44 ]
Metronidazole: Flagyl: Infections caused by anaerobic bacteria; also amoebiasis, trichomoniasis, giardiasis: Discolored urine, headache, metallic taste, nausea; alcohol is contraindicated: Produces toxic free radicals that disrupt DNA and proteins. This non-specific mechanism is responsible for its activity against a variety of bacteria ...
Topical nicotinamide and topical zinc are safe, however, there are no FDA pregnancy category ratings. [27] [28] Topical salicylic acid and topical dapsone are classified as FDA pregnancy category C. [23] [28] Acne medications to avoid during pregnancy include oral isotretinoin and topical tazarotene as there have been reports of birth defects.
For people who are symptomatic, it is used after treatment with metronidazole or tinidazole. [2] It is taken by mouth. [1] Diloxanide generally has mild side effects. [3] Side effects may include flatulence, vomiting, and itchiness. [1] During pregnancy it is recommended that it be taken after the first trimester. [1]
Its use during pregnancy is contraindicated, although it has been placed in Australian pregnancy category C. [13] Its use during the first trimester (during organogenesis) and 12 weeks prior to pregnancy has been associated with an increased risk of congenital malformations, especially malformations associated with maternal folic acid ...
Tinidazole, sold under the brand name Tindamax among others, is a medication used against protozoan infections.It is widely known throughout Europe and the developing world as a treatment for a variety of anaerobic amoebic and bacterial infections.