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  2. Sentence (mathematical logic) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_(mathematical_logic)

    In mathematical logic, a sentence (or closed formula) [1] of a predicate logic is a Boolean-valued well-formed formula with no free variables. A sentence can be viewed as expressing a proposition , something that must be true or false.

  3. Expression (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expression_(mathematics)

    Expressions are commonly distinguished from formulas: expressions are a kind of mathematical object, whereas formulas are statements about mathematical objects. [2] This is analogous to natural language , where a noun phrase refers to an object, and a whole sentence refers to a fact .

  4. List of logic symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_logic_symbols

    The following table lists many common symbols, together with their name, how they should be read out loud, and the related field of mathematics. Additionally, the subsequent columns contains an informal explanation, a short example, the Unicode location, the name for use in HTML documents, [1] and the LaTeX symbol.

  5. Mathematical logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_logic

    Mathematical logic is the study ... share the common property of considering only expressions in a fixed ... It says that a set of sentences has a model if and only ...

  6. First-order logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-order_logic

    First-order logic uses quantified variables over non-logical objects, and allows the use of sentences that contain variables. Rather than propositions such as "all men are mortal", in first-order logic one can have expressions in the form "for all x, if x is a man, then x is mortal"; where "for all x" is a quantifier, x is a variable, and "...

  7. Propositional formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propositional_formula

    A propositional formula may also be called a propositional expression, a sentence, [1] or a sentential formula. A propositional formula is constructed from simple propositions , such as "five is greater than three" or propositional variables such as p and q , using connectives or logical operators such as NOT, AND, OR, or IMPLIES; for example:

  8. Algebraic expression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic_expression

    In mathematics, an algebraic expression is an expression built up from constants (usually, algebraic numbers) variables, and the basic algebraic operations: addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (×), division (÷), whole number powers, and roots (fractional powers).

  9. If and only if - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/If_and_only_if

    The corresponding logical symbols are "", "", [6] and , [10] and sometimes "iff".These are usually treated as equivalent. However, some texts of mathematical logic (particularly those on first-order logic, rather than propositional logic) make a distinction between these, in which the first, ↔, is used as a symbol in logic formulas, while ⇔ is used in reasoning about those logic formulas ...