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This is often implemented as a lookup in the FIB of the source address of the packet. If the interface has no route to the source address, the packet is assumed to be part of a denial of service attack, using a spoofed source address, and the router discards the packet. When the router is multihomed, ingress filtering becomes more complex ...
DMVPN is initially configured to build out a hub-and-spoke network by statically configuring the hubs (VPN headends) on the spokes, no change in the configuration on the hub is required to accept new spokes. Using this initial hub-and-spoke network, tunnels between spokes can be dynamically built on demand (dynamic-mesh) without additional ...
The Individual Address Block (IAB) is an inactive registry which has been replaced by the MA-S (MAC address block, small), previously named OUI-36, and has no overlaps in addresses with the IAB [6] registry product as of January 1, 2014. The IAB uses an OUI from the MA-L (MAC address block, large) registry, previously called the OUI registry.
When a host tries to access the network through a switch port, DHCP snooping checks the host’s IP address against the database to ensure that the host is valid. MACFF then uses DHCP snooping to check whether the host has a gateway Access Router. If it does, MACFF uses a form of Proxy ARP to reply to any ARP requests, giving the router's MAC ...
The file is in INI file format and contains information about a VPN connection which is necessary for the client software, such as the username, password, tunneling port, DNS settings. The .pcf-files were originally used for Cisco Systems VPN Client, but are now used also in other VPN systems to distribute configuration information to clients.
Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) is an advanced layer 3 switching technology used mainly in large core networks or the Internet to enhance the overall network performance. . Although CEF is a Cisco proprietary protocol other vendors of multi-layer switches or high-capacity routers offer a similar functionality where layer-3 switching or routing is done in hardware (in an ASIC) instead of by ...
TACACS+ is a Cisco designed extension to TACACS that is described in RFC 8907. TACACS+ includes a mechanism that can be used to obfuscate the body of each packet, while leaving the header clear-text. Moreover, it provides granular control in the form of command-by-command authorization. [6]
Generic routing encapsulation (GRE) is a tunneling protocol developed by Cisco Systems that can encapsulate a wide variety of network layer protocols inside virtual point-to-point links or point-to-multipoint links over an Internet Protocol network. [2]