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Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is impairment of the ovaries and how they work before the age of 40 years. It can be caused by multiple factors, one being genetic. Genes and their influence determine the initial number of the primordial follicles, impact on the rate of follicular atresia, and are impactful on the age of menopause.
Some associated characteristics include short stature, a broad shield-like chest, webbed neck, premature ovarian failure, and heart and kidney abnormalities. [8] People with XX gonadal dysgenesis do not generally have the characteristics just listed, other than the primary ovarian insufficiency.
In 2015 a research was done on the role of autoimmunity in premature ovarian failure. [11] In 2014 there was an ovarian autoimmune disease research that revealed at least two mechanisms that protect the ovary from an autoimmune attack. [12] Research showed that Theca cells were targeting the autoimmune deficiency within the ovary.
Increased levels of these hormones will cause the body to not start puberty, not undergo menarche, and not develop secondary sex characteristics. [9] [10] If ovarian tissue is present and produces some amount of hormones, limited menstrual cycles can occur. [9] 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis can manifest from a variety of causes. [6]
In men, it causes impaired muscle and body hair development, gynecomastia, decreased height, erectile dysfunction, and sexual difficulties. If hypogonadism is caused by a disorder of the central nervous system (e.g., a brain tumor ), then this is known as central hypogonadism .
Iatrogenic, e.g., due to radiation, chemotherapy or surgery, such as laserization of the surface of the ovary to treat endometriosis. Excessive laparoscopic ovarian drilling has been reported to cause premature ovarian failure. [10] [11] (The primordial follicles are located in the thin outer one-millimeter layer of the ovary.) [12]
Blood in urine: Blood or unusual urine color and odor can be signs of a possible infection or serious health issues such as bladder stones or cancer. Accidents: If your dog starts leaking urine ...
POI was previously referred to as premature ovarian failure (POF) and diagnosed when menopause occurred before age 40 but occurs in only 1 percent of all women. [4] The ovaries can stop working in about 5% of cases. This may be because the ovaries do not contain eggs. However, a complete blockage of the ovaries is rarely a cause of infertility ...