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ADP is the strongest adenine nucleotide activator of glutaminase. Studies have also suggested ADP lowered the K m for glutamine and increased the V max. They found that these effects were increased even more when ATP was present. [4] The end product of the glutaminase reaction, glutamate, is a strong inhibitor of the reaction.
Catalyzing enzyme: glutaminase (EC 3.5.1.2) 2. Glutamate can be excreted or can be further metabolized to α-ketoglutarate. For the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate three different reactions are possible: Catalyzing enzymes: glutamate dehydrogenase (GlDH), EC 1.4.1.2
In enzymology, a glutamine-pyruvate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.15) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. L-glutamine + pyruvate 2-oxoglutaramate + L-alanine. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-glutamine and pyruvate, whereas its two products are 2-oxoglutaramate and L-alanine.
Transamination is a chemical reaction that transfers an amino group to a ketoacid to form new amino acids.This pathway is responsible for the deamination of most amino acids. This is one of the major degradation pathways which convert essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids (amino acids that can be synthesized de novo by the organism).
People under 25 and women may process alcohol more slowly. [105] Food such as fructose can increase the rate of alcohol metabolism. The effect can vary significantly from person to person, but a 100 g dose of fructose has been shown to increase alcohol metabolism by an average of 80%.
A simplified reaction mechanism for N-acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS). Two mechanisms for N-acetyltransferase function have been proposed: a two-step, ping-pong mechanism involving transfer of the relevant acetyl group to an activated cysteine residue [10] and a one-step mechanism through direct attack of the amino nitrogen on the carbonyl group. [11]
In commercial food processing, transglutaminase is used to bond proteins together. Examples of foods made using transglutaminase include imitation crabmeat , and fish balls . It is produced by Streptomyces mobaraensis fermentation in commercial quantities ( P81453 ) or extracted from animal blood, [ 13 ] and is used in a variety of processes ...
In enzymology, a NAD + synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) (EC 6.3.5.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. ATP + deamido-NAD + + L-glutamine + H 2 O AMP + diphosphate + NAD + + L-glutamate. In eukaryotes, this enzyme contains a glutaminase domain related to nitrilase. [1]