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Lemuria (/ l ɪ ˈ m jʊər i ə /), or Limuria, was a continent proposed in 1864 by zoologist Philip Sclater, theorized to have sunk beneath the Indian Ocean, later appropriated by occultists in supposed accounts of human origins.
Expulsions of Jews in Europe from 1100 to 1600 1095–mid-13th century The waves of Crusades destroyed many Jewish communities in Europe (most notably in Rhineland) and in the Middle East (most notably in Jerusalem). [citation needed] Mid-12th century The invasion of Almohades brought to an end the Golden age of Jewish culture in Spain.
World Jewish population around 7.7 million, 90% in Europe, mostly Eastern Europe; around 3.5 million in the former Polish provinces. 1881–1884, 1903–1906, 1918–1920 Three major waves of pogroms kill tens of thousands of Jews in Russia and Ukraine.
The Jewish population of Europe in 2010 was estimated to be approximately 1.4 million (0.2% of the European population), or 10% of the world's Jewish population. [6] In the 21st century, France has the largest Jewish population in Europe, [ 6 ] [ 10 ] followed by the United Kingdom, Germany, Russia and Ukraine. [ 10 ]
The city synagogue is turned into a church and the Jewish cemetery is destroyed. 1349 burning of Jews (from a European chronicle written on the Black Death between 1349 and 1352) 1349 The Erfurt massacre was a massacre of around 3,000 Jews as a result of Black Death Jewish persecutions 1349 The entire Jewish population of Speyer is destroyed.
The chosen people: A study of Jewish history from the time of the exile until the revolt of Bar Kocheba (Andrews UK, 2015). Alpher, Joseph. Encyclopedia of Jewish history: events and eras of the Jewish people (1986) online free to borrow
In January 2019 the European Commission published a survey of 28 countries which showed a wide gap in perceptions between Jews and non-Jews in Europe. 89% of the Jews surveyed thought that antisemitism had "significantly increased" over the last five years, whereas only 36% of non-Jews believed the same. [68]
Jewish communities also existed in southern Europe, Anatolia, Syria, and North Africa. Jewish pilgrims from the diaspora, undeterred by the rebellion, had actually come to Jerusalem for Passover prior to the arrival of the Roman army, and many became trapped in the city and died during the siege. [53]