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Krakatoa (/ ˌ k r ɑː k ə ˈ t oʊ ə, ˌ k r æ k-/), also transcribed Krakatau (/-ˈ t aʊ /), is a caldera [1] in the Sunda Strait between the islands of Java and Sumatra in the Indonesian province of Lampung.
Lithograph of the eruption c. 1888. The 1883 eruption of Krakatoa (Indonesian: Letusan Krakatau 1883) in the Sunda Strait occurred from 20 May until 21 October 1883, peaking in the late morning of 27 August when over 70% of the island of Krakatoa and its surrounding archipelago were destroyed as it collapsed into a caldera.
Anak Krakatoa, c. 1929. In early 1927 volcanic activity began to appear at the point located between where the former peaks of Mount Perboewatan and Mount Danan had been. [2] This was a short-lived appearance of a small island that was sunk by sea waves within a week. [3]
Krakatoa is an active stratovolcano located in Indonesia, and lying on the far western rim of the Pacific Ring of Fire.Krakatoa is a notably powerful volcano, with the 1883 eruption being one of the deadliest and most destructive volcanic events in all of recorded history.
Rakata is a volcanic cone with its northern face being a vertical cliff, exposing much of its eruptive history.More than 25 extrusion dikes have been counted; the largest at the center runs from sea level to 320 meters above and terminates in a large (about 6 meters in diameter), convex form.
Perboewatan (also spelled Perbuatan or Perbuwatan; apparently a Malay word of uncertain derivation) was one of the three main volcanic cones (the others being Danan and Rakata) on the island of Krakatoa (or Krakatau), in the Sunda Strait, in Indonesia. It was the lowest (121 m) and northernmost of the cones.
Ujung Kulon National Park is a national park at the westernmost tip of Java, located in Sumur District of Pandeglang Regency, part of Banten province in Indonesia.It once included the volcanic island group of Krakatoa in Lampung province, [2] [3] although current maps has suggested the Krakatoa island group as its own protected area, the Pulau Anak Krakatau Marine Nature Reserve.
With 426 deaths, the tsunami was the deadliest volcanic tsunami in recorded history in Indonesia since the 1883 Krakatoa tsunami, which originated from the same island. [7] Following the tsunami, Indonesian authorities installed multiple emergency early warning systems in tsunami-prone areas.