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The facial canal gives passage to the facial nerve (CN VII) (hence the name). [1] [verification needed] [better source needed] Its proximal opening is at the internal auditory meatus; its distal opening is the stylomastoid foramen. In humans, the canal is approximately 3 cm long, making it the longest bony canal of a nerve in the human body.
The parotid plexus or plexus parotideus is the branch point of the facial nerve (extratemporal) after it leaves the stylomastoid foramen. This division takes place within the parotid gland . Branches
Upon emerging from the stylomastoid foramen, the facial nerve gives rise to the posterior auricular branch. It then gives rise to the branch to the posterior belly of the digastric, and then the branch to the stylohyoid. The facial nerve then passes through the parotid gland, which it does not innervate, to form the parotid plexus.
The parotid gland is situated laterally to the styloid process, the external carotid artery passes by its apex, the facial nerve crosses its base, and the attachment of the stylopharyngeus muscle separates it from the internal jugular vein medially. [1]
The internal auditory meatus provides a passage through which the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII), the facial nerve (CN VII), and the labyrinthine artery (an internal auditory branch of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery in 85% of people) can pass from inside the skull to structures of the inner ear and face.
These include facial nerve weakness, rapid increase of the size of the lump as well as ulceration of the mucosa of the skin. [13] Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a common malignant tumour of the salivary glands and has a low incidence of 4–13%. [13] Adenoid cystic carcinoma is also a common malignant salivary gland lesion and has an incidence of ...
Foramina Number Vessels Nerves frontal-supraorbital foramen: 2: supraorbital artery supraorbital vein: supraorbital nerve: frontal: anterior cranial fossa: foramen cecum: 1: emissary veins to superior sagittal sinus from the upper part of the nose [3] ethmoid: anterior cranial fossa (osama) foramina of cribriform plate ~20-olfactory nerve ...
Anterior to the parapharyngeal space is the masticator space which contains the lower dental row, muscles of mastication, the inferior alveolar nerve as well as branches of cranial nerve V. Lateral to the parapharyngeal space lies the parotid space, which contains the parotid gland, the external carotid artery and cranial nerve VII. [1]