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A bench trial is a trial by judge, as opposed to a jury. [1] The term applies most appropriately to any administrative hearing in relation to a summary offense to distinguish the type of trial. Many legal systems ( Roman , Islamic ) use bench trials for most or all cases or for certain types of cases.
The Ohio Courts of Common Pleas are the trial courts of the state court system of Ohio. The courts of common pleas are the trial courts of general jurisdiction in the state. They are the only trial courts created by the Ohio Constitution (in Article IV, Section 1). The duties of the courts are outlined in Article IV, Section 4.
Most trial courts are courts of record, where the record of the presentation of evidence is created and must be maintained or transmitted to the appellate court. The record of the trial court is certified by the clerk of the trial court and transmitted to the appellate body. Not all cases are heard in trial courts of general jurisdiction.
Bench used in a legal context can have several meanings. First, it can simply indicate the location in a courtroom where a judge sits. Second, the term bench is a metonym used to describe members of the judiciary collectively, [ 1 ] or the judges of a particular court, such as the King's Bench or the Common Bench in England and Wales, or the ...
Ohio mayor's courts are created by some municipalities and hear cases involving traffic violations, violations of city ordinances, and other misdemeanors. Mayor's courts are not considered trial courts or courts of record and are not subject to the supervision of the Ohio Supreme Court, nor are mayor's courts authorized to conduct jury trials.
The decisions that the jury makes are not put into effect until the judge makes a judgment, which is the approval to have this trial information be filed in public records. In a civil case, the judge is allowed at this time to make changes to the verdict that the jury came up with by either adding on or reducing the punishment.
The suspect in the October Ohio Turnpike oasis murder case is awaiting the results of a competency evaluation to determine whether he can stand trial.
At least thirty states and the District of Columbia authorize courts to issue bench warrants for a defendant's arrest or orders for a defendant to appear after an FTA. [30] Many jurisdictions leave the decision to issue a bench warrant within the judge's discretion—at least under some circumstances.