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One example is the liquid–vapor critical point, the end point of the pressure–temperature curve that designates conditions under which a liquid and its vapor can coexist. At higher temperatures, the gas comes into a supercritical phase, and so cannot be liquefied by pressure alone.
Critical point: 369.522 K (96.672 °C), 42.4924 bar ... Liquid properties Std enthalpy change of formation, ... log of propane vapor pressure. Uses formula: ...
The heat of vaporization diminishes with increasing temperature and it vanishes completely at a certain point called the critical temperature (T r = 1). Above the critical temperature, the liquid and vapor phases are indistinguishable, and the substance is called a supercritical fluid.
The point at the very top of the dome is called the critical point. This point is where the saturated liquid and saturated vapor lines meet. Past this point, it is impossible for a liquid–vapor transformation to occur. [3] It is also where the critical temperature and critical pressure meet.
Figure 2a: The coexistence (saturation) curve is the locus of the saturated liquid and vapor states, which smoothly meet at the critical point. The isotherm T r = 0.9 {\displaystyle T_{r}=0.9} is also displayed, showing the intersection.
Thus, liquid propane has a density of approximately 4.2 pounds per gallon (504 g/L) at 60 °F (15.6 °C). [30] As the density of propane changes with temperature, this fact must be considered every time when the application is connected with safety or custody transfer operations. [31] Temperature–density curve for liquid/vapor propane
When a temperature is reached such that the sum of the equilibrium vapor pressures of the liquid components becomes equal to the total pressure of the system (it is otherwise smaller), then vapor bubbles generated from the liquid begin to displace the gas that was maintaining the overall pressure, and the mixture is said to boil.
The equilibrium conditions are shown as curves on a curved surface in 3D with areas for solid, liquid, and vapor phases and areas where solid and liquid, solid and vapor, or liquid and vapor coexist in equilibrium. A line on the surface called a triple line is where solid, liquid and vapor can all coexist in equilibrium. The critical point ...