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The sella turcica is located in the sphenoid bone behind the chiasmatic groove and the tuberculum sellae.It belongs to the middle cranial fossa. [1]The sella turcica's most inferior portion is known as the hypophyseal fossa (the "seat of the saddle"), and contains the pituitary gland (hypophysis).
The tuberculum sellae (or the tubercle of the sella turcica) is a slight [1] median elevation upon the superior aspect of the body of sphenoid bone (that forms the floor of the middle cranial fossa [2]: 508-509 ) at the anterior boundary of the sella turcica (hypophyseal (pituitary) fossa) [2]: 509 and posterior boundary of the chiasmatic groove.
On either side of the sella turcica is the carotid groove, which is broad, shallow, and curved somewhat like the italic letter f. It begins behind at the foramen lacerum , and ends on the medial side of the anterior clinoid process, where it is sometimes converted into a foramen (carotico-clinoid) by the union of the anterior with the middle ...
The anterior boundary of the sella turcica is completed by two small eminences, one on either side, called the middle clinoid processes, while the posterior boundary is formed by a square-shaped plate of bone, the dorsum sellae, ending at its superior angles in two tubercles, the posterior clinoid processes, the size and form of which vary ...
Until the seventh or eighth month of fetal development, the body of the sphenoid consists of two parts: one in front of the tuberculum sellae, the presphenoid, with which the small wings are continuous; the other, consisting of the sella turcica and dorsum sellae, the postsphenoid, with which are associated the great wings, and pterygoid processes.
The empty sella sign is a radiological finding characterized by the partial or complete filling of the sella turcica with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), causing the pituitary gland to appear flattened or compressed against the walls of the sella. [1] This results in the sella appearing "empty" on imaging, despite the presence of a compressed ...
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It sits in a protective bony enclosure called the sella turcica, covered by the dural fold diaphragma sellae. [4] The pituitary gland is composed of the anterior pituitary, the posterior pituitary, and an intermediate lobe that joins them. [5] The intermediate lobe is avascular and almost absent in humans. In many animals, these three lobes are ...