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The extraocular muscles, or extrinsic ocular muscles, are the seven extrinsic muscles of the eye in humans and other animals. [1] Six of the extraocular muscles, the four recti muscles, and the superior and inferior oblique muscles, control movement of the eye. The other muscle, the levator palpebrae superioris, controls eyelid elevation.
The supratrochlear nerve passes medially [3] above the trochlea of the superior oblique muscle. [2] [3] It then travels anteriorly above the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. [1] It exits the orbit through the supratrochlear notch or foramen. [3] It then ascends onto the forehead beneath the corrugator supercilii muscle and frontalis muscle ...
The medial rectus muscle is a muscle in the orbit near the eye. It is one of the extraocular muscles. It originates from the common tendinous ring, and inserts into the anteromedial surface of the eye. It is supplied by the inferior division of the oculomotor nerve (III). It rotates the eye medially (adduction).
The inferior oblique muscle or obliquus oculi inferior is a thin, narrow muscle placed near the anterior margin of the floor of the orbit. The inferior oblique is one of the extraocular muscles , and is attached to the maxillary bone (origin) and the posterior, inferior, lateral surface of the eye (insertion).
The inferior rectus muscle is a muscle in the orbit near the eye. It is one of the four recti muscles in the group of extraocular muscles. It originates from the common tendinous ring, and inserts into the anteroinferior surface of the eye. It depresses the eye (downwards).
The ophthalmic nerve (CN V 1) is a sensory nerve of the head.It is one of three divisions of the trigeminal nerve (CN V), a cranial nerve.It has three major branches which provide sensory innervation to the eye, and the skin of the upper face and anterior scalp, as well as other structures of the head.
Limitation of abduction of the right eye. This individual tries to look to his right, but the right eye fails to turn to the side. Damage to the peripheral part of the abducens nerve will cause double vision , due to the unopposed muscle tone of the medial rectus muscle. The affected eye is pulled to look towards the midline.
To summarize, the actions of the superior oblique muscle are (1) depression of the eyeball, especially when the eye is adducted; and (2) intorsion of the eyeball, especially when the eye is abducted. The clinical consequences of weakness in the superior oblique (caused, for example, by fourth nerve palsies) are discussed below.