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2. Tergum - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tergum

   A tergum (Latin for "the back"; pl.: terga, associated adjective tergal) is the dorsal ('upper') portion of an arthropod segment other than the head. The anterior edge is called the 'base' and posterior edge is called the 'apex' or 'margin'. A given tergum may be divided into hardened plates or sclerites commonly referred to as tergites. [1]

3. Insect morphology - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insect_morphology

   The four principal regions of an insect body segment are the tergum or dorsal, sternum or ventral, and the two pleura or laterals. Hardened plates in the exoskeleton are called sclerites, which are subdivisions of the major regions – tergites, sternites, and pleurites, for respective regions tergum, sternum, and pleuron. [6]

4. Insect physiology - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insect_physiology

   Indirect flight muscles are attached to the tergum and sternum. Contraction makes the tergum and base of the wing pull down. In turn this movement lever the outer or main part of the wing in strokes upward. Contraction of the second set of muscles, which run from the back to the front of the thorax, powers the downbeat. This deforms the box and ...

5. Ampulicidae - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampulicidae

   The first sting is directed at nerve ganglia in the cockroach's thorax, temporarily paralyzing the victim for a few minutes – more than enough time for the wasp to deliver a second sting. The second sting is directed into a region of the cockroach's brain that controls the escape reflex, among other things. [ 1 ]

6. Insect reproductive system - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insect_reproductive_system

   The ground plan of the abdomen of an adult insect typically consists of 11–12 segments and is less strongly sclerotized than the head or thorax. Each segment of the abdomen is represented by a sclerotized tergum, sternum, and perhaps a pleurite. Terga are separated from each other and from the adjacent sterna or pleura by a membrane.

7. Sternum (arthropod anatomy) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sternum_(arthropod_anatomy)

   The sternum (pl.: sterna) is the ventral portion of a segment of an arthropod thorax or abdomen. In insects, the sterna are usually single, large sclerites, and external.