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After World War II, over 2,500 tons of nicotine insecticide were used worldwide, but by the 1980s the use of nicotine insecticide had declined below 200 tons. This was due to the availability of other insecticides that are cheaper and less harmful to mammals .
The first gas chamber at Auschwitz II–Birkenau was the "red house" (called Bunker 1 by SS staff), a brick cottage converted to a gassing facility by tearing out the inside and bricking up the windows. It was operational by March 1942. A second brick cottage, called the "white house" or Bunker 2, was converted some weeks later.
Shortly after World War II, when synthetic insecticides were introduced, entomologists in California developed the concept of "supervised insect control". [7] Around the same time, entomologists in the US Cotton Belt were advocating a similar approach.
Hexaethyl tetraphosphate is used as an insecticide, in particular, the insecticide Bladan. [1] The Germans commonly used this chemical as an insecticide during World War II, when nicotine -based insecticides were not available.
In 2016 insecticides were estimated to account for 18% of worldwide pesticide sales. [2] Worldwide sales of insecticides in 2018 were estimated as $ 18.4 billion, of which 25% were neonicotinoids, 17% were pyrethroids, 13% were diamides, and the rest were many other classes which sold for less than 10% each of the market. [3]
Pyrethroids such as deltamethrin are also more expensive than DDT, but are applied more sparingly (0.02–0.3 g/m 2 vs 1–2 g/m 2), so the net cost per house per treatment is about the same. [43] DDT has one of the longest residual efficacy periods of any IRS insecticide, lasting 6 to 12 months.
[2] In 1984 nithiazine's mode of action was found to be as a postsynaptic acetylcholine receptor agonist, [28] the same as nicotine. Nithiazine does not act as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, [28] in contrast to the organophosphate and carbamate insecticides. While nithiazine has the desired specificity (i.e. low mammalian toxicity), it is ...
Chloropicrin, also known as PS (from Port Sunlight [3]) and nitrochloroform, is a chemical compound currently used as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial, fungicide, herbicide, insecticide, and nematicide. [4] It was used as a poison gas in World War I and the Russian military has been accused of using it in the Russo-Ukrainian War.