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Parbaking is a cooking technique in which a bread or dough product is partially baked and then rapidly frozen for storage [1] or assembled into a final product. It has been used to increase the mass manufacture and distribution of bread products, including bagels. [2] When parbaking is used to bake bread, it increases the shelf life of the loaf ...
Bread covered with linen proofing cloth in the background. In cooking, proofing (also called proving) is a step in the preparation of yeast bread and other baked goods in which the dough is allowed to rest and rise a final time before baking. During this rest period, yeast ferments the dough and produces gases, thereby leavening the dough.
The sponge and dough method is a two-step bread making process: in the first step a sponge is made and allowed to ferment for a period of time, and in the second step the sponge is added to the final dough's ingredients, [1] creating the total formula. [2] In this usage, synonyms for sponge are yeast starter or yeast pre-ferment.
A lame (/ l æ m, l eɪ m /, from French lame, inherited from Latin lāmina, meaning saw) is a double-sided blade that is used to slash the tops of bread loaves in baking. A lame is used to score (also called slashing or docking ) bread just before the bread is placed in the oven.
Essene bread is a simple form of sprouted grain bread made from sprouted wheat and prepared at a low temperature. Proponents of raw foods often eat it uncooked or slightly heated. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The Essenes , an ascetic Jewish sect that flourished from the second century BCE through the first century CE , are credited with the technique and basic ...
A dough conditioner, flour treatment agent, improving agent or bread improver is any ingredient or chemical added to bread dough to strengthen its texture or otherwise improve it in some way. Dough conditioners may include enzymes , yeast nutrients, mineral salts, oxidants and reductants , bleaching agents and emulsifiers . [ 1 ]
When the dough had dried out enough that it began to crack, it was ready to bake. Another no-yeast bread could be made with a combination of cream of tartar (acid) and sodium bicarbonate. Baking soda could also be used to "sweeten" sour milk for baking soft sour milk bread. [5] Yeast could be made by boiling flour with sugar and salt.
In a recipe, the baker's percentage for water is referred to as the "hydration"; it is indicative of the stickiness of the dough and the "crumb" of the bread. Lower hydration rates (e.g., 50–57%) are typical for bagels and pretzels , and medium hydration levels (58–65%) are typical for breads and rolls . [ 25 ]