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Reptiliomorpha (meaning reptile-shaped; in PhyloCode known as Pan-Amniota [2] [3]) is a clade containing the amniotes and those tetrapods that share a more recent common ancestor with amniotes than with living amphibians (lissamphibians).
Fertilization is the fusion of gametes to produce a new organism. In animals, the process involves a sperm fusing with an ovum, which eventually leads to the development of an embryo. Depending on the animal species, the process can occur within the body of the female in internal fertilization, or outside in the case of external fertilization.
[citation needed] Internal fertilization with many vertebrates (such as all reptiles, some fish, and most birds) occurs via cloacal copulation, known as cloacal kiss (see also hemipenis), while most mammals copulate vaginally, and many basal vertebrates reproduce sexually with external fertilization. [3] [4]
Fertilization is the fusion of two gametes. [1] Copulation is the union of the sex organs of two sexually reproducing animals for insemination and subsequent internal fertilization. [2] Mating may also lead to external fertilization, as seen in amphibians, fishes and plants. For most species, mating is between two individuals of opposite sexes.
The decline in amphibian and reptile populations has led to an awareness of the effects of pesticides on reptiles and amphibians. [177] In the past, the argument that amphibians or reptiles were more susceptible to any chemical contamination than any land aquatic vertebrate was not supported by research until recently. [177]
This capsule also prevents the egg from drying out. The vitelline membrane is a membrane surrounding the egg. Upon fertilization, this membrane splits off from the surface of the egg and the space between the vitelline membrane and the embryo is filled with perivitelline fluid. This fluid surrounds the embryo and yolk plug.
Unlike in land gastropod species where fertilization occurs in fertilization pockets, fertilization in freshwater species happens at the lower end of the hermaphroditic duct, near the junction. Sperm is deposited into the bursa copulatrix which opens up into the vagina. The ova then enter the albumen gland to get a nutrient dense mucus coating ...
Low-importance amphibian and reptile articles (10 C, 23,176 P) M. Mid-importance amphibian and reptile articles (8 C, 907 P) N.