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The following table lists many common symbols, together with their name, how they should be read out loud, and the related field of mathematics. Additionally, the subsequent columns contains an informal explanation, a short example, the Unicode location, the name for use in HTML documents, [1] and the LaTeX symbol.
The role of disjunction in these cases has been analyzed using nonclassical logics such as alternative semantics and inquisitive semantics, which have also been adopted to explain the free choice and simplification inferences. [1] In English, as in many other languages, disjunction is expressed by a coordinating conjunction.
Disjunction: the symbol appeared in Russell in 1908 [5] (compare to Peano's use of the set-theoretic notation of union); the symbol + is also used, in spite of the ambiguity coming from the fact that the + of ordinary elementary algebra is an exclusive or when interpreted logically in a two-element ring; punctually in the history a + together ...
If is used as notation to designate the result of replacing every instance of conjunction with disjunction, and every instance of disjunction with conjunction (e.g. with , or vice-versa), in a given formula , and if ¯ is used as notation for replacing every sentence-letter in with its negation (e.g., with ), and if the symbol is used for ...
The descending wedge symbol ∨ may represent: Logical disjunction in propositional logic; Join in lattice theory; The wedge sum in topology; The V sign, a symbol representing peace among other things; The vertically reflected symbol, ∧, is a wedge, and often denotes related or dual operators.
The following table lists many specialized symbols commonly used in modern mathematics, ordered by their introduction date. The table can also be ordered alphabetically by clicking on the relevant header title.
The symbol used for exclusive disjunction varies from one field of application to the next, and even depends on the properties being emphasized in a given context of discussion. In addition to the abbreviation "XOR", any of the following symbols may also be seen: + was used by George Boole in 1847. [6]
In logic, a clause is a propositional formula formed from a finite collection of literals (atoms or their negations) and logical connectives.A clause is true either whenever at least one of the literals that form it is true (a disjunctive clause, the most common use of the term), or when all of the literals that form it are true (a conjunctive clause, a less common use of the term).