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Bordetella pertussis is a Gram-negative, aerobic, pathogenic, encapsulated coccobacillus bacterium of the genus Bordetella, and the causative agent of pertussis or whooping cough. Its virulence factors include pertussis toxin , adenylate cyclase toxin , filamentous haemagglutinin , pertactin , fimbria , and tracheal cytotoxin .
Two of these (B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica) are also motile. [3] [4] There are about 16 different species of Bordetella likely descending from ancestors who lived in soil and/or water environments. [5] B. pertussis and occasionally B. parapertussis cause pertussis (whooping cough) in humans, and some B. parapertussis strains only colonize ...
To increase their effectiveness, vaccines should be administered as soon as possible after a dog enters a high-risk area, such as a shelter. 10 to 14 days are required for partial immunity to develop. [8] Administration of B. bronchiseptica and canine parainfluenza vaccines may then be continued routinely, especially during outbreaks of kennel ...
Adenylate cyclase toxin (CyaA) is released from bacterium Bordetella pertussis by the T1SS (Type 1 secretion system) and released in the host’s respiratory tract in order to suppress its early innate and subsequent adaptive immune defense. [1] CyaA plays a particular role in the early phases of airway colonization.
Pertussis was well known throughout Europe by the middle of the 18th century. Jules Bordet and Octave Gengou described in 1900 the finding of a new “ovoid bacillus” in the sputum of a 6-month-old infant with whooping cough. They were also the first to cultivate Bordetella pertussis at the Pasteur Institute in Brussels in 1906. [9]
Bordetella parapertussis is a small Gram-negative bacterium of the genus Bordetella that is adapted to colonise the mammalian respiratory tract. [1] Pertussis caused by B. parapertussis manifests with similar symptoms to B. pertussis -derived disease, but in general tends to be less severe. [ 2 ]
Vets are recommending dog owners keep their pets away from social settings like parks and boarding facilities until more is known. ... But while kennel cough clears up after 7 to 10 days, this new ...
However, B. pertussis is not capable of recycling PGNs via AmpG and thus, TCT escapes into the surrounding environment. [11] [5] Also, TCT is constitutively released by B. pertussis. [4] The first murine-model studies using TCT involved treatment of hamster tracheal cells. These experiments alluded to TCT's role in ciliostasis and cellular ...