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Within the open educational resources movement, the concept of OER is active. [175] Consider, for example, the conceptions of gratis versus libre knowledge as found in the discourse about massive open online courses, which may offer free courses but charge for end-of-course awards or course verification certificates from commercial entities.
OER policies (also sometimes known as laws, regulations, strategies, guidelines, principles or tenets) are adopted by governments, institutions or organisations in support of the creation and use of open content, specifically open educational resources (OER), and related open educational practices.
[1] [2] At this point, the Open Educational Resources (OER) movement was a decade old, the term having been coined in another meeting at UNESCO in 2002. [2] The congress wrote and, on 22 June, formally adopted a ten-point declaration calling on states to realise the benefits of open education.
OER Commons, created by the Institute for the Study of Knowledge Management in Education, was developed to serve curriculum experts and educators in discovering open educational resources (OER) and collaborating around the use, evaluation, and improvement of those materials. [1]
OEP represent teaching and learning techniques that draw upon open and participatory technologies and high-quality open educational resources (OER) in order to facilitate collaborative and flexible learning. [3] [4] Because OEP emerged from the study of OER, there is a strong connection between the two concepts. [5]
Likewise, there are other parallel movements in education which support openness, included networked learning, connected learning, and social technologies, among others. [10] Common features of open education in practice attempt to build opportunities for learners to: [8] access education, open educational resources, open textbooks, and open ...
The OpenCourseWare movement started in 1999 when the University of Tübingen in Germany published videos of lectures online for its timms initiative (Tübinger Internet Multimedia Server). [1] The OCW movement only took off with the launch of MIT OpenCourseWare at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the Open Learning Initiative ...
This outline of open educational resources provides a way of navigating concepts and topics in relation to the open educational resources (OER) movement.