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The number π (/ p aɪ / ⓘ; spelled out as "pi") is a mathematical constant, approximately equal to 3.14159, that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.It appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics, and some of these formulae are commonly used for defining π, to avoid relying on the definition of the length of a curve.
"The amazing number π " (PDF). Nieuw Archief voor Wiskunde. 5th series. 1 (3): 254– 258. Zbl 1173.01300. Kazuya Kato, Nobushige Kurokawa, Saito Takeshi: Number Theory 1: Fermat's Dream. American Mathematical Society, Providence 1993, ISBN 0-8218-0863-X
Proofs of the mathematical result that the rational number 22 / 7 is greater than π (pi) date back to antiquity. One of these proofs, more recently developed but requiring only elementary techniques from calculus, has attracted attention in modern mathematics due to its mathematical elegance and its connections to the theory of Diophantine approximations.
If you couldn't already tell by the number this mathematical symbol represents, Pi Day is on Thursday, March 14, 2024. That's because the date is written as 3/14 (at least in the United States).
Symbol Name Meaning SI unit of measure ... pi: 3.14159... (irrational number) unitless
In the 1760s, Johann Heinrich Lambert was the first to prove that the number π is irrational, meaning it cannot be expressed as a fraction /, where and are both integers. In the 19th century, Charles Hermite found a proof that requires no prerequisite knowledge beyond basic calculus .
A mathematical constant is a key number whose value is fixed by an unambiguous definition, often referred to by a symbol (e.g., an alphabet letter), or by mathematicians' names to facilitate using it across multiple mathematical problems. [1]
A History of Pi (book) Indiana Pi Bill; Leibniz formula for pi; Lindemann–Weierstrass theorem (Proof that π is transcendental) List of circle topics; List of formulae involving π; Liu Hui's π algorithm; Mathematical constant (sorted by continued fraction representation) Mathematical constants and functions; Method of exhaustion; Milü; Pi ...